Workshop Discussions
A: Plant Protection
ALS – studies. Collection to be done in Tanzania and Malawi.
2000–2001
- CBB – Breeding for resistance
Co-evolution
Screening for sources of resistances for CBB/HB
Initiate Crosses
- ALS Characterization using PCR–TZ
Collection (March-June) TZ – UCD
- PCR Laboratories Continued
Apply to seed
- Bean Stem Maggot
Evaluation of potential resistant lines
Prevalence-Bean Stem Maggot
- Control of Insect Storage Pest
Survey of bruchids
Dev. of resistant lines
Incorporate resistance from tepary lines.
- Training of trainers
2001–2002
- Continue with vax crosses x lines from Tanzania. (Susan/Catherine) TZ
- Survey of ALS, CBB & HB in Mozambique – October-April (season) TZ
- Screening for Web blight resistance (MW) extension pd.
- Screen CIAT Material for BSM – Varietal development
Time of Evaluation (towards the end of the season) under Irrigation.
- CBB – Survival study (sources of inoculum for smallholder farmers.
Phase 2: 2002-2007
- Insect Pest Management
Ootheca (TZ)
BSM (Management strategies)
Bruchids (resistance) TZ/MW
- HB/CBB – Studies/ALS
On-farm produced seed
- Mozambique – Assessment of disease important in Mozambique.
Rank importance of disease
- Training needs (Mozambique)
Plant Pathology (M.Sc/Ph.D.)
PCR (M.Sc.)
Farmer training of farmers (Pest Management)
Seed Issues (Ph.D.)
Entomology (Ph.D/M.Sc.)
- Breeding for Webblight Resistance
Loss assessment (breeder)
- Collaboration/Institutions
CIAT Interactions in both Entomology & Pathology
National Bean
Programmes
NGOs
Student Exchanges/Scientists Exchange
B. BREEDING
Workplan – One Year Activities
27 April 2002
Activity #1
Breeding activities in previous work plan
- Regional drought nurseries…screen material and analysed traits associated with drought tolerance.
- Dissemination of bruchid resistant (arcelin containing arcelin).
- PCR laboratories…disease detection, fingerprinting, market added selection.
- Varietal development
- Bean Stem Maggot – evaluate potentially resistance line study prevalence of BSM and farmers cultural practices.
- Development, evaluation and release of alternate arcelin lines.
- Incorporate Acanthoscelides resistance from tepary bean into common bean.
- Screen advanced breeding lines for cooking time and preferance.
- Regional drought nursery selected drought resistant lines but in advanced trials.
Bokosi, Rweyemamu, Chirwa
Evaluate for other traits.
- Dissemination of bruchid resistant lines
TZ – confirm trials
evaluate nursery in MW
- CBB – breeding for resistance. This will be done in the long term project.
- ALS – PCR to characterize pathogen isolates, evaluate and develop resistant bean lines.
Assembling the information from IAT about makers suitable for screening.
- PCR laboratory – disease detection fingerprinting, marker aided selection
- Varietal development – Finalize the on-farm trial and submit those lines for release.
- Bean stem maggot – Get lines from the Bean Stem maggot nursery – SABRN
CONSTRAINT #2 - Limited Storage
- Development, evaluation and release alternate arcelin lines.
Preliminary evaluation of the Backcross lines.
Loss assessment of bruchid damage
- Incorporate Acanthoscelides resistance from tepary bean into common bean.
Test segregating tepary material to detect protein that confer resistance and testing it with bruchids continuation of characterization of resistance.
- Screen advanced breeding lines for cooking time and preference.
Will continue with the cooking time
Five Year Workplan (Long Term)
Genetically improved bean for disease…
U.S. Jim Myers
Ken Grafftin – Leadership in dry bean breeding – Malawian
Collaborator: R. Gilbertson and Tanzanian breeders.
Gillbertson – lead in pathological aspect
Enhancement of root rot resistance
Adaptation to
Drought tolerance – collaboration with Lac. (continuation)
use vax lines
work of CBB
halo blight
web blight?
SABRIN
Continuation
- Tepary erases for bruchid resistance to continue
- PCR – Marker assistant selection for disease resistance.
- Varietal development
- Work of soil deficiencies
- Continue cooking time work
Study the genetic basis of fast cooking
Collaboration
- Low P and Low N
SABRN and CRSP
- Drought work
SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM ACTIVITES (2000-2001 Ref)
Short Term activities
Sept.–April 2001–2002
Constraint NRM
Act. 1: Req drought nursing – screen materials and analyse traits associated with.
Advanced testing of drought tolerant materials (TZ with Malawi) Bokosi/Chirwa
Act. 2: Dissemination of bruchid resistant (arcelin contains lines) – done.
PEST DISEASE CONTROL
Act. 1 Breeding for resistance CBB – To be postponed to next phase.
Act. 2: ALS-PCR to characterize pathogen isolates, evaluate resistant bean lines.
Short period gather more information markers. (CIAT) etc.
Act. 3: PCR laboratories-disease defection, fingerprinting marker selected(ref. to Act 2)
Act. 4: Varietal Development
On-farm and Release
Act. 5: Bean Stem Maggot – Evaluate potential resistant lines;
Seek additional sources of R
B. CONSTRAINT #2: Limited storage studies
Act. 1: Development, evaluation with tolerance of alternate arcelin lines.
Preliminary evaluation of Bc materials
Loss assessment
Act. 2: Incorporate Acanthoscelides (bruchid) resistance from tepary bean into common bean.
Test segreregating material to check mechanism of resistance.
C: CONSTRAINT #3: Insufficient Pes. for Impr. Nut. Roc.
Act. 1: Screen advanced breeding lines for cooking time with preferences
To be confirmed
LONG TERM: PROPOSAL
Gen. Improvement Bean Lines
CO PI: Ken Graffin, Jim Myers )
Collaborators: Bob Gilbertson ) USA
Pot. Players
Focus: Enhancement with Bruchid Resist
Low soil P & N
Drought tolerance
Breeding CBB, HB, Root rot
Training: PhD – Entomology – ML
PVB – Mozambique
Emphasis
Interspecific Hybridization
Marker Assisted
Varietal Development (Strong breeding Progr. Regular release of var.)
G. line from Michigan State ref. (Madata) resist to ALS
CIAT's ROLE
PCR at Bunda utilization when Alex coming in Bunda
COLLABORATION
Drought lines Research
Disease resistant
Low N with P – SABRN & CRSP
VARIETY ADDED:
Collaboration 1 (in all other areas)
Cooking time/Quality/Preference
Inheritance = quantitative
Cocylodin structure may have infl. Ca. (ref. Susan has some paper)
Containing – screening, Genetic basis, markers linked to cooking time.
C. SEEDS
1 year - Short term Objectives
Irrigation proposal
Multiplication
B/C CRSP released varieties
NBP released varieties
SABRN released varieties
Breeder (pre-basic)
Basic seed – QDS (FAO – approved)
Foundation – certified – approved/quality declared
1–5 year – longer term Objectives
1. Seed Multiplication
Contract farmers in Mozambique, Tanzania, and Malawi – supervised by NDP/CRSP – evaluate seed quality
NABSLA (Malawi) - seed born pathogens an issue
Govt. Foundation Farm (Tanzania)
SUA
Bunda
ARC (Selian) Tanzania
Farms given seed of QDS
NGOs
SPS and Ministry of Agric. in Tanzania – both work with farmers
2. Dissemination
Malawi and Tanzania – provide seed with information for seed production to large and small-scale farmers
-Certified QPS
-Information about improved varieties
-Production seed and food – create demand for seed
-Storage – seed and food
-Seed sources – processing – marketing
-Farmers – small-scale and large
-NGOs
-Govt. extension offices
-Private traders
-Health centers
-Social services centers (units, etc.)
3. Marketing
Seed in Tanzania and Malawi – training seed producers (farmers, NGOs)
Advertising product – processing/packaging
When to sell
Market information where/when pricing and promotion are most relevant
Trader linkages
Promotional materials – brochures, protes, leaflets, advertisement
Food in Tanzania and Malawi – palatability information delivered to consumers
Promote nutrition and cookability for food security – open market
Cross border trade – consumer demand studies
Market chain studies
4. Storage – on-farm to improve traditional facilities – conduct a loss assessment study
Target traders and organizations
Assess pesticide use
Outlets – evaluate new technologies
Collaboration with R. Chirwa in Malawi
Tanzania can learn from work in Malawi
5. Impact Assessment
Conduct baseline survey by SUA and Bunda, and conduct a regional training
Need seed distribution and marketing in order to measure impact
Conduct impact surveys
Income produced from bean sales impacts consumption and nutrition
Distribution relationships – who benefits
Hectarage, yield-production statistics
Pricing (premium prices)
6. Trade
Identify and characterize external markets
Technoserve model
Determine export demand
Examine trade policies advocacy
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